Oil smuggling in Libya: from oil depots to ISIS. Society suffers from chaos

The state of the health system in Libya, which has always been effective, is now in a very critical situation. Several hospitals were closed, and the situation of other hospitals became difficult due to their destruction, lack of experienced medical staff, and shortages of medicines and basic equipment, especially insulin and dialysis equipment. HalaBugaighis, Senior Researcher, Consultant and the Co-Founder at Jusoor Center for Studies and Development, confirmed: “ The health situation in this country is not surprising in a country where two health ministers are affiliated with two different governments fighting over power, while the new government does not do anything because it needs a high budget to restore the hospitals, but this hope does not exist because state funds are smuggled through oil”. Many hospitals in Libya used to employ foreign nurses, but most of them left due to the war against Muammar Gaddafi in 2011 and the armed conflict between supporters and enemies of political Islam. Médecins Sans Frontières and Jusoor are providing donations of essential medicines to these still operating hospitals. In eastern Libya, we are facing the same problem: a shortage of trained staff and a shortage of medicines in hospitals. We also provide similar support in hospitals receiving the wounded.In the city of Benghazi, where jihadist forces and the national army of the Tobruk government are facing each other, Doctors without Borders provides medicines to three hospitals. At the Benghazi Medical Center, WHO staff will organize training on emergency response. As a result of the fighting that began in 2014 in the city of Benghazi, the city’s hospitals received more than a hundred wounded. Other wounded were taken to Al-Marj and Al-Abyar hospitals in eastern Benghazi, with which MSF is cooperating. In addition, Libya is experiencing a displacement crisis where people are fleeing violence. Benghazi alone receives more than 100,000 displaced people. The lack of immunization coverage and the rise in maternal mortality appear as additional repercussions of the health crisis in Libya. Therefore, WHO provides vaccines to health centers located in the eastern and western regions? A critical problem facing Libya’s health care system is the lack of primary health care facilities, such as local clinics and district hospitals. The government spends 3.3% of its GDP on health care.

Population	People Affected	People in need	People in need Health Sector	People in acute health need
7,400,000	2,470,000	1,250,000	1,195,389	1,010,000

However, due to the lack of an overall long-term health care strategy, health care expenditure is often non-targeted and inconsistent. How Recovered Assets Can Strengthen the Healthcare Sector in Libya

end 1999	end 2009	end 2018	end 2019	end 2019	end 2019	end 2019
Thousand Million Barrels	Thousand Million Barrels	Thousand Million Barrels	Thousand Million Barrels	Thousand Million Tonns	Share of Total	R/P Ratio
29.5	46.4	48.4	48.4	6.3	2.8%	107.9

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2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	Growth Rate Per annum
1739	1799	516	1539	1048	518	437	412	929	1165	1227	2019: 5.3% 2008-18: 4.6% Share 2019: 1.3%